FIRST SATELLITE

FIRST SATELLITE:

Sputnik 1 launched in 1957 by Soviet Union –

ü Polar orbit type

ü Periapsis 6,586k.m & Apoapsis 7,310k.m

ü Altitude – 250k.m

ü Inclination – 65.1^o

ü Type of Purpose – Atmospheric Studies

ü Orbital Speed(time taken by 1 complete orbit) – 96.2 min

ü Working Period – Oct 1957 to Jan 1958

ü Launching Vehicle – Sputnik Rocket

ü Weight – 83.6kg

Other Satellites after Sputnik by Russia Till Date –

§ Express AM, Yamal & Bonum (totally 14 satellites on Geostationary orbit)– Satellite Communication

America’s First Satellite – Explorer 1 launched in 1958 January 31

ü Polar orbit type

ü Periapsis 354k.m & Apoapsis 2515k.m

ü Inclination – 33.24^o

ü Type of Purpose – Earth Science

ü Orbital Speed(time taken by 1 complete orbit) – 114.8 min

ü Working Period – Jan1958 to May 1958 but remains in orbit up to 1970

ü Launching Vehicle – Juno 1 Rocket

ü Weight – 13.97 kg

Other Satellites after Explorer 1 by U.S Till Date –

§ USA 1 to 232 for the various purpose of

o Missile Warning, Optical Imaging, Navigation, Technology, Communication, Science, Satellite Tracking, Radar Imaging, Weather, Naval, Electronic Signal Intelligence, Ocean Surveillance, Anti Satellite Weapon.

India’s First Satellite – Aryabhata launched in 1975 April 19

ü Polar orbit type

ü Perigee 563k.m & Apogee 619k.m

ü Altitude

ü Inclination – 50.7^o

ü Duration to reach Space position

ü Type of Purpose – Astrophysics

ü Orbital Speed(time taken by 1 complete orbit) – 96 min

ü Working Period – 5days but remains in the orbit till 1992

ü Launching Vehicle – Cosmos 3M Rocket

ü Weight – 358kg

Other Satellites after Aryabhata by India Till Date –

§ Bhaskara – Remote Sensing Satellite

§ Rohini – Experimental Launch of SLV 3

§ INSAT – Multipurpose Communication & Meteorology- Geo stationary

§ IRS – Earth Observation Satellite

§ G SAT - Experimental Launch of GSLV

§ Kalpana 1 – First Meteorology satellite built by ISRO-Geo stationary

§ EDU SAT – Educational Purpose - Geo stationary

§ HAM SAT – Micro satellite for radio services

§ CARTOSAT – Remote sensing satellite/Earth observation

§ Chandrayan – Unmanned Lunar Probe

§ RISAT – Radar imaging satellite to monitor border

§ Oceansat – Oceanographic, Atmospheric application

§ ANUSAT – Research micro satellite